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C++17でモンテカルロを並列化してみた。に触発されて、GNU版で作ってみました
■コンパイル $ g++ test.cc -Wall -march=native -std=c++17 -O3 -fopenmp■ソース #include <parallel/algorithm>
//#include <execution>
#include <atomic>
#include <mutex>
#include <iostream>
#include <random>
#include <array>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
static int const NUM = 1000000000;
static int threads = 8;
static_assert(std::atomic<int>::is_always_lock_free);
if (argc >= 2)
{
threads = atoi(argv[1]);
}
auto nums = std::vector<int>(threads);
for (auto &num : nums)
{
num = NUM / threads;
}
__gnu_parallel::_Settings s;
s.algorithm_strategy = __gnu_parallel::force_parallel;
__gnu_parallel::_Settings::set(s);
std::atomic counter = {0};
__gnu_parallel::for_each(nums.begin(), nums.end(), [&counter](int num) {
std::random_device rnd;
thread_local std::mt19937 mt(rand());
std::uniform_real_distribution<double> score(0.0, 1.0);
for (auto &&no = 0; no < num; ++no)
{
auto &&x = score(mt);
auto &&y = score(mt);
if ((x * x + y * y) < 1.0)
{
counter++;
}
}
});
std::cout << "PI = " << 4.0 * counter / NUM << std::endl;
}
■結果$ time ./a.out 1 PI = 3.14155 real 0m27.461s user 0m27.469s sys 0m0.001s $ time ./a.out 2 PI = 3.14159 real 0m29.238s user 0m58.008s sys 0m0.016s $ time ./a.out 3 PI = 3.14151 real 0m28.447s user 1m24.458s sys 0m0.000s $ time ./a.out 4 PI = 3.14155 real 0m32.101s user 2m5.238s sys 0m0.020s なぜか延べ時間(user)が増えるだけでreal時間が減りません。。。 そこでソースを修正してみました。 ■ソース修正後 #include <parallel/algorithm>
//#include <execution>
#include <atomic>
#include <mutex>
#include <iostream>
#include <random>
#include <array>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
static int const NUM = 1000000000;
static int threads = 8;
static_assert(std::atomic<int>::is_always_lock_free);
if (argc >= 2)
{
threads = atoi(argv[1]);
}
auto nums = std::vector<int>(threads);
for (auto &num : nums)
{
num = NUM / threads;
}
__gnu_parallel::_Settings s;
s.algorithm_strategy = __gnu_parallel::force_parallel;
__gnu_parallel::_Settings::set(s);
std::atomic counter = {0};
__gnu_parallel::for_each(nums.begin(), nums.end(), [&counter](int num) {
std::random_device rnd;
thread_local std::mt19937 mt(rand());
int _counter = 0;
std::uniform_real_distribution<double> score(0.0, 1.0);
for (auto &&no = 0; no < num; ++no)
{
auto &&x = score(mt);
auto &&y = score(mt);
if ((x * x + y * y) < 1.0)
{
_counter++;
}
}
counter += _counter;
});
std::cout << "PI = " << 4.0 * counter / NUM << std::endl;
}
■結果$ time ./a.out 1 PI = 3.14155 real 0m20.263s user 0m20.255s sys 0m0.000s $ time ./a.out 2 PI = 3.14159 real 0m10.117s user 0m20.223s sys 0m0.000s $ time ./a.out 3 PI = 3.14151 real 0m7.409s user 0m22.209s sys 0m0.000s $ time ./a.out 4 PI = 3.14155 real 0m6.129s user 0m24.492s sys 0m0.001score4個分で20秒から6秒にその後、8個に増やしても増えませんでした。。。 なかなかのパフォーマンスなり。
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SECCON令和CTFへ参加したなり。なんとか2問（1問サービス問題）解けて423位/858。まずまずかなー。
解けた１問の解き方。 ■問題 nc zerois-o-reiwa.seccon.jp 23615 ■答え pythonで実装。他の人のwrite upみたらもっとスマートなのたくさんねー。 #mkfifo testfifo
#cat testfifo | nc zerois-o-reiwa.seccon.jp 23615 | python test.py > testfifo
import re
import sys
while True:
try:
x = input()
except EOFError as e:
break
sys.stderr.write("{}\n".format(x))
if x[0:2] == "0=":
m = re.findall("([+-]?[*?/0-9]+)", x[2:])
z = 0
#print(m)
for x in m:
#print("x={}".format(x))
if x.find("?") >=0:
y = eval(x.replace("?", "1"))
#print("y={}".format(y))
else:
z += eval(x)
#print("z={}".format(z))
if float(y)==0:
ans = "0"
else:
ans = "{}\n".format(int(-float(z)/float(y)))
sys.stderr.write("{}\n".format(ans))
sys.stdout.write("{}\n".format(ans))
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令和SECCONに参加するのでTSURUGI Linuxを入れてみました。
fluxboxに切り替えて「fbmenugen」を使ったら「Other」に「TSURUGI」メニューが全て入ってカテゴリが分からなくなってしまいました。 仕方がないのでpythonでmateからfluxboxのmenuに変換するプログラムを作成、すっきりしましたとさ。 ■変換用python import sys
from xml.dom import minidom
from os import path
from collections import OrderedDict
APP_Directory = None
DIR_Directory = None
def main():
global APP_Directory
global DIR_Directory
if len(sys.argv)!=2:
print("Using: {} mate.conf".format(sys.argv[0]))
return
fileName = sys.argv[1]
APP_Directory = path.abspath(path.dirname(fileName)+"/../applications")
DIR_Directory = path.abspath(path.dirname(fileName)+"/../desktop-directories")
print(fileName)
with open(fileName, "r", True, "UTF-8") as r:
x = "\n".join(r.readlines())
myDom = minidom.parseString(x)
recurseDict(myDom, 0, [])
def recurseDict(dic, layer, stack):
#dic = minidom.parseString("")
layer+=1
if sum(1 for x in dic.childNodes if not isinstance(x, minidom.Text)):
if dic.nodeName != "Layout":
for d in dic.childNodes:
if not isinstance(d, minidom.Text):
recurseDict(d, layer, stack)
else:
if dic.nodeName == "Directory":
lidx = 0
for lidx in range(len(stack), 0, -1):
if layer > stack[lidx-1][0]:
break
for _ in range(lidx, len(stack)):
stack.pop()
print("{}[end]".format(" "*(len(stack)*2)))
v = readFile(DIR_Directory+"/"+dic.childNodes[0].nodeValue)
print("{}[submenu] ({}) <{}>".format(" "*(len(stack)*2), v["Name"], v["Icon"]))
stack.append((layer, v))
if dic.nodeName == "Filename":
v = readFile(APP_Directory+"/"+dic.childNodes[0].nodeValue)
print("{}[exec] ({}) {{{}}} <{}>".format(" "*(len(stack)*2), v["Name"], v["Exec"], v["Icon"]))
if layer==1:
for _ in range(len(stack)):
stack.pop()
print("{}[end]".format(" "*(len(stack)*2)))
def readFile(fileName):
with open(fileName, "r", True, "UTF-8") as r:
rec=dict()
while True:
line = r.readline()
if line=="":
break
line = line[:-1]
pos = line.find("=")
if pos >=0:
key = line[0:pos]
if ["Icon", "Name", "Exec"].count(key):
rec[key] = line[pos+1:]
return rec
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
■fbmenugenにinclude機能を追加
diff --git a/fbmenugen b/fbmenugen
index 84e268b..fa5e784 100755
--- a/fbmenugen
+++ b/fbmenugen
@@ -401,6 +401,14 @@ ITEM_WITH_ICON
ITEM
}
+sub prepare_include {
+ my $path= shift() =~ s/\)/\\)/gr;
+
+ return <<"EOF"
+ [include] ($path)
+EOF
+}
+
sub begin_category {
$with_icons
? <<"MENU_WITH_ICON"
@@ -479,6 +487,9 @@ foreach my $schema (@$SCHEMA) {
elsif (exists $schema->{item}) {
$generated_menu .= prepare_item(@{$schema->{item}});
}
+ elsif (exists $schema->{include}) {
+ $generated_menu .= prepare_include(@{$schema->{include}});
+ }
elsif (exists $schema->{sep}) {
$generated_menu .= "[separator]\n";
}
diff --git a/schema.pl b/schema.pl
index 18a824a..50ae0dd 100644
--- a/schema.pl
+++ b/schema.pl
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
=for comment
item: add an item inside the menu {item => ["command", "label", "icon"]},
+ include: add include another file {include => ["path"]},
cat: add a category inside the menu {cat => ["name", "label", "icon"]},
sep: horizontal line separator {sep => undef}, {sep => "label"},
raw: any valid Fluxbox menu entry {raw => q(...)},
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CUPSのいつもの設定
■/etc/cups/cupsd.conf ...
# Restrict access to the admin pages...
<Location /admin>
Require user @SYSTEM
Order allow,deny
</Location>
...
■cups-pdfのインストール sudo apt install cups-pdf ■/etc/cups/cups-pdf.conf ...
### Key: Out (config)
## CUPS-PDF output directory
## special qualifiers:
## ${HOME} will be expanded to the user's home directory
## ${USER} will be expanded to the user name
## in case it is an NFS export make sure it is exported without
## root_squash!
## on Ubuntu, the cupsd AppArmor profile needs to be updated
## to match the output path as per instructions in LP:147551
### Default: /var/spool/cups-pdf/${USER}
Out${HOME}
...
### Key: GSCall (config)
## command line for calling GhostScript (!!! DO NOT USE NEWLINES !!!)
## MacOSX: for using pstopdf set this to %s %s -o %s %s
### Default: %s -q -dCompatibilityLevel=%s -dNOPAUSE -dBATCH -dSAFER -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -sOutputFile="%s" -dAutoRotatePages=/PageByPage -dAutoFilterColorImages=false -dColorImageFilter=/FlateEncode -dPDFSETTINGS=/prepress -c .setpdfwrite -f %s
GSCall /usr/local/bin/cups-pdf-common %s %s "%s" %s
...
■/usr/local/bin/cups-pdf-common #!/bin/bash
export MY_GS=$1
export MY_VER=$2
HOME=$(dirname "$3")
USER=$(basename ${HOME})
export MY_IN=$4
export MY_OUT=$(basename "$3")
execpath=~/bin/cups-pdf
if [ -f ${execpath} ]
then
${execpath}
fi
■~/bin/cups-pdf #!/bin/bash
#Ps2PDF
${MY_GS} -q -dCompatibilityLevel=${MY_VER} -dNOPAUSE -dBATCH -dSAFER -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -sOutputFile="${HOME}/PDF/$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S.%N)_${MY_OUT}" -dAutoRotatePages=/PageByPage -dAutoFilterColorImages=false -dColorImageFilter=/FlateEncode -dPDFSETTINGS=/prepress -c .setpdfwrite -f ${MY_IN}
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GRUB2でメニューの表示の仕方
※GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIETは関係ありません。 /etc/default/grub GRUB_DEFAULT=0 GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU=y GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=menu GRUB_TIMEOUT=3
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